Someone asked me some questions on the #Psion Series 3, so I thought I'd post my response here in case anyone else is interested. #LongRead
Emulator
You've got two options. The first is the original "emulators" written by Psion, S3AEMUL.EXE and S3CEMUL.EXE. They both run in DOS and emulate the 3a and 3c. But they're less of an emulator than a runtime environment for #EPOC16 (the OS). There's good and bad to this. You can run S3AEMUL and S3CEMUL straight in #DOSBox and it will talk to your host OS's filesystem (Windows, Linux, macOS, whatever). You need to map an M: drive in DOSBox for the internal storage, but once that's done you can copy files straight into that folder on your host OS and run them in the emulators. The downside is that it's not true hardware emulation. You won't get a good judge of the speed of a real device, and some syscalls aren't implemented so will fail or crash the #emulator. They're bundled with the SDK (see below).
The alternative is #MAME. This is the closest to proper hardware emulation you're going to find. You can either dump your own ROMs using a tool called #EDisAsm, or you can find them in the usual MAME ROM repos. The one thing that is notably missing is RS232 emulation from the later models, because we haven't been able to find any documentation on the silicon, but it's working fine with the 3a.
Toolchain
At the moment you have only one option - the Psion SIBO C SDK with the #TopSpeed C Compiler. You're going to need DOSBox (I personally prefer DOSBox Staging). It's all available on the Internet Archive in one easy download, including all the documentation you will need.
https://archive.org/details/psion-sibo-c-sdk
From there, you have a few libraries you can use. There CLIB, which is a pure ANSI C implementation, designed to easily port apps - don't use it, it's slow and you'll be missing a lot of features. Then there's PLIB, which is Psion's C dialect - very nice to use, and you can put together a C app pretty quickly. Finally, there's OLIB, which is Psion's proprietary OO C - it feels very clunky, but once you get over that it can be very powerful.
EPOC16 apps are restricted to a very pure version of the small memory model, but you can split code up into libraries known as DYLs.
In the past I've written code using VS Code, which can be made to play nicely with the SDK's header files. I've not got it working with NeoVim and clangd yet, but it should be possible with cmake.
The SDK comes with a debugger (SDBG.EXE), a DOS GUI app. If you run SDBG.EXE in DOSBox Staging, run the Psion3a MAME emulation, and enable RS232 over TCP on both, you can use SDBG to send apps to MAME. If you enable symbols, you can step through the code. It's rudimentary by modern standards, but it works pretty well.
I say "at the moment" because I'm slowly rewriting the tools in the SDK. I already have a new working version of #CTRAN, the preprocessor for Psion OO C, but I'm a long way from a compiler. There have been efforts to coax gcc into compiling for SIBO/EPOC16, but I think they have stalled for now.
If you want some examples of EPOC16 C and OO C code, take a look at these:
https://github.com/thelastpsion/edisasm
https://github.com/thelastpsion/pyramid
https://github.com/thelastpsion/nfsc
https://github.com/nickmat/Psion3-Wari
https://github.com/nickmat/Psion3-Vector
Device
The 3mx is the best choice. It's significantly faster than the earlier models (27.6 MHz vs 7.6 MHz), has a switchable backlight, the fastest RS232 and the best version of EPOC16. I "daily drive" one for journalling, adventure games, and a few other small tasks. After that I'd say the 3c (beware - they were covered in soft-touch rubber, so will need cleaning) and the 2MB 3a. The latter is the most common. Most 3c units came with a backlight, except for the early UK ones. The 3a doesn't. Arguably the non-backlit screens have better contrast so you don't need the backlight so much in lower light, but the backlight has obvious benefits.
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![cdecl
The cdecl (which stands for C declaration) is a calling convention for the C programming language and is used by many C compilers for the x86 architecture.[1] In cdecl, subroutine arguments are passed on the stack. If the return values are Integer values or memory addresses they are put in the EAX by the callee register, whereas floating point values are put in the ST0 x87 register. Registers EAX, ECX, and EDX are caller-saved, and the rest are callee-saved. The x87 floating point registers ST0 to ST7 must be empty (popped or freed) when calling a new function, and ST1 to ST7 must be empty on exiting a function. ST0 must also be empty when not used for returning a value.
In the context of the C programming language, function arguments are pushed on the stack in the right-to-left order, i.e. the last argument is pushed first.](https://files.bitbang.social/media_attachments/files/111/630/115/129/882/304/original/df65a411936613c0.png "cdecl
The cdecl (which stands for C declaration) is a calling convention for the C programming language and is used by many C compilers for the x86 architecture.[1] In cdecl, subroutine arguments are passed on the stack. If the return values are Integer values or memory addresses they are put in the EAX by the callee register, whereas floating point values are put in the ST0 x87 register. Registers EAX, ECX, and EDX are caller-saved, and the rest are callee-saved. The x87 floating point registers ST0 to ST7 must be empty (popped or freed) when calling a new function, and ST1 to ST7 must be empty on exiting a function. ST0 must also be empty when not used for returning a value.
In the context of the C programming language, function arguments are pushed on the stack in the right-to-left order, i.e. the last argument is pushed first.")
