Decades of epidemiological data have shown that infections with herpes simplex virus type 1, or HSV-1 can raise the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in certain people. So can a history of head injury. The new research, published Tuesday in Science Signaling, is the first to connect the dots between them, and adds to mounting evidence that this most common form of dementia can be caused by an everyday microbe.
The results suggest that athletes, military personnel, and other people suffering concussions could be triggering the reanimation of latent infections in the brain that can lead to Alzheimer’s later in life. More work needs to be done, but the proposed mechanism points to the use of antiviral drugs as a potential early preventive treatment. “The idea is if you have this sort of injury, it can reactivate HSV-1, which is present in most people whether they know it or not,” said Dana Cairns, a stem cell biologist at Tufts who led the work.
More than 80% of adults over the age of 60 are estimated to have been infected with HSV-1 at some time in their lives. It’s a virus that never really goes away, even after the immune system kicks in and the cold sores disappear. Instead, HSV-1 goes silent, burrowing into neurons and leaving behind copies of its genome with the potential to restart infections when the immune system is weakened.
https://www.statnews.com/2025/01/07/alzheimers-disease-research-link-between-herpes-virus-head-trauma-dementia/
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scisignal.ado6430
#TBI #CTE #virology #alzheimers