fosstodon.org is one of the many independent Mastodon servers you can use to participate in the fediverse.
Fosstodon is an invite only Mastodon instance that is open to those who are interested in technology; particularly free & open source software. If you wish to join, contact us for an invite.

Administered by:

Server stats:

10K
active users

#漢語

0 posts0 participants0 posts today
YongZS永值生’s new account<p>The Evolution of Classical Chinese Characters and their Pronunciation in Mandarin.<br>古漢字字形演變及其官話讀音。<br><a href="https://youtu.be/EbxohNCoJHM?si=M4jpuPvIpvtJ03kO" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">youtu.be/EbxohNCoJHM?si=M4jpuP</span><span class="invisible">vIpvtJ03kO</span></a><br>Having noticed someone inquiring about classical Chinese bronze inscription characters on Facebook, I therefore recorded a video to illustrate them.<br>適見Facebook有客詢商周金文,吾遂錄像以闡之。</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/chinese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>chinese</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/character" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>character</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/characters" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>characters</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/classical" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>classical</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/ancient" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ancient</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/mandarin" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mandarin</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/pronounce" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>pronounce</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/pronounciation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>pronounciation</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/script" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>script</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/evolution" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>evolution</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/illustration" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>illustration</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/illustrate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>illustrate</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/explain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>explain</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/describing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>describing</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/clarify" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>clarify</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/elucidate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>elucidate</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>中文</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢語</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢字</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E5%8F%A4%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>古漢字</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E9%87%91%E6%96%87" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>金文</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E5%AD%97%E5%BD%A2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>字形</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/%E6%BC%94%E8%AE%8A" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>演變</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/font" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>font</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ktachibana.party/tags/fonts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>fonts</span></a></p>
陳純一<p>關於尖團音。反正我已經不在學校,不必接受任何人檢查我的普通話是否「標準」,所以我平時說普通話時,會刻意區分尖團,但還未能應用到所有場合,比如錄播客的時候就還是會說「標準」普通話。希望再多練習幾年,能在所有場合說。</p><p><a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢語</span></a></p>
陳純一<p>從石靜遠(Jing Tsu)的《漢字王國》書中得知:</p><p>中亞東干人在1930年代使用拉丁字母制訂東干語書寫系統,也就是東干文。東干語以清末陝西、甘肅方言為主,混合俄語、突厥語等,所以東干文就成了蘇聯境內第一個「漢語拉丁化」方案。東干人使用這種新的文字系統寫故事寫詩,還創辦報紙。</p><p>當時中共受蘇聯語言文化政策的影響,提出「拉丁化新文字」主張,所以東干文的拉丁化方案經過蘇聯轉手而影響到中共的方案,也因此間接影響了後來的「漢語拼音方案」。</p><p>主要參與制訂拉丁化東干文的是東干詩人亞斯爾・十娃子(Iasyr Shivaza),他是東干移民第二代。1950年代以後,受蘇聯新的語言文化政策影響,東干人放棄拉丁拼寫方案,改用西里爾字母,原來的拉丁字母東干文就被稱作「舊東干文」。</p><p>現在一般資料介紹 Iasyr Shivaza 的時候,都只說他是重要的東干語詩人,很少提到他用拉丁字母制訂東干文的事。</p><p><a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%9D%B1%E5%B9%B2%E4%BA%BA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>東干人</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢語</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%9D%B1%E5%B9%B2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>東干語</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E5%9B%B0%E5%AD%B8%E7%AD%86%E8%A8%98" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>困學筆記</span></a></p>
陳純一<p>我在《廣韻》裡查「戛」字的時候,發現「戛小韻」裡有一個字「圿」。</p><p>想起家鄉話裡有個詞 gou jia. 意思是人身上的污垢。我也是從小只知其音、不知其字,用「圿」字去查才知道,gou jia 的正確寫法是「垢圿」,讀作ㄍㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄚˊ gòu jiá. 郭璞注《山海經》說:「澡洗可以磢體去垢圿。」</p><p><a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E9%97%9C%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>關中方言</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢語</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E5%9B%B0%E5%AD%B8%E7%AD%86%E8%A8%98" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>困學筆記</span></a></p>
陳純一<p><a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E7%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>王力</span></a> 在《音韻學初步》裡講到「四呼」的時候說:</p><p>「辨别四呼,漢語拼音方案與國際音標有矛盾時,當以國際音標為準,例如 ong 當認為合口呼,iong 當認為撮口呼。」</p><p>按:注音符號在「四呼」方面就不會出錯。比如他提到的 ong,注音符號是「ㄨㄥ」,有介母「ㄨ」,所以是合口呼;再比如 iong,注音符号是「ㄩㄥ」,有介母「ㄩ」,所以是撮口呼。按照漢語拼音寫的 iong, 看上去有介母 i, 但並不能因此就認為它是齊齒呼。</p><p><a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢語</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E9%9F%B3%E9%9F%BB%E5%AD%B8" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>音韻學</span></a></p>
陳純一<p>「戛納電影節」的這個「戛」字,普通話以前都只有ㄐㄧㄚˊ jiá 這一個音,從2012年第11版《新華字典》開始,才加入 ㄍㄚ gā 這個音,專門用於翻譯法國地名「戛納」Cannes. 有些人對此非常不以為然。台灣國語裡,「戛」至今都只有 ㄐㄧㄚˊ jiá 這一個音。</p><p>我懷疑「戛納」這個譯名出自一位吳語或者粵語人士,這個寫法在民國時期就有,那時候有不少像「福爾摩斯」「瑞典」「瑞士」這種跟國語發音對不上的外國譯名。</p><p>不過有意思的是,「福爾摩斯」「瑞典」「瑞士」這些譯名,無論外語原文是什麼,現在大家都按普通話來讀。但「戛納」這個名字卻一定要尊重原始地名 Cannes 的讀音,也就是「戛」不讀 ㄐㄧㄚˊ jiá, 一定要讀 ㄍㄚ gā. 其實,既然接受把 Holmes 讀成「福爾摩斯」,那把 Cannes 讀成 jiā nà 又有何妨呢?但這都是紙上談兵,最重要的是大家都讀 gā nà, 連字典也跟著改了。</p><p>法語裡面 Ca 開頭的人名、地名,很多並不翻譯成「戛」(或者它同音字 gā),更常見的是翻譯成「加」或者「卡」。台灣的譯法更加多元,有時候故意不完全音譯,而要加一點中文元素,比如 Cannes 譯作「坎城」,Caen 譯作「康城」,但 Calais 卻仍然是「加萊」,作家 Camus 則翻譯成「卡繆」。</p><p>至於大家糾結的「戛」和「嘎」這兩個字的讀音,其實在《廣韻》裡頭,這兩個字完全同音,屬於「見母戛小韻」。</p><p><a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢字</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>漢語</span></a> <a href="https://ciecuo.club/tags/%E5%9B%B0%E5%AD%B8%E7%AD%86%E8%A8%98" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>困學筆記</span></a></p>