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KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> Green hydrogen is made commercially with green electricity using water electrolyzers, which operate for +30,000hr.The <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HYScale" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HYScale</a> EU Clean Hydrogen Partnership project aims to improve catalysts and other materials, reducing electrolysis costs.↙️ BUT 330hr is not ready for a TRL5 demonstration!↘️ <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/electrolyzer" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#electrolyzer</a>

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/oops" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oops</a> There are 2 main ways to power a vehicle on land, sea or air with hydrogen:1-hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/FCEV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#FCEV</a> 2-hydrogen internal combustion engine <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/ICE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#ICE</a> Unfortunately, Sustainability Magazine doesn't follow my feed...↙️ But New Civil Engineer might!↘️ <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/fuelcell" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fuelcell</a>

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> 🧵1/2 Egli (2025) claims green hydrogen from Africa is too expensive to export. But since he botched electrolyzer CAPEX, how reliable is the rest? I track the error below... <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/GreenHydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#GreenHydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/GreenAmmonia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#GreenAmmonia</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/IsPeerReviewDead" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#IsPeerReviewDead</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/energy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#energy</a>

KeithDPatch2/n <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LatentDrive" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LatentDrive</a> claims - Electrochemical treatment of stainless steel to create <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> electrolyzer catalyst out of thin air (or thin stainless). - Electrolyze sea water to make <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/GreenHydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#GreenHydrogen</a> but ZERO chlorine gas (as every other salt water electrolyzer does)

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> I hope UK's Latent Drive doesn't give the green hydrogen industry a black eye! <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LatentDrive" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LatentDrive</a> claims lots of stuff with ZERO data.↙️ Their patent applications↘️ focus on electrical engineering, just as Joi Scientific's apps did (before Joi's sea water→ <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> was admitted to be fraud)

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/@keithdpatch" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@keithdpatch</a> /2 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> And here's some info on underground <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> storage history & R&D: 🌟Underground hydrogen storage has/is operating in salt domes AND aquifers AND depleted gas reservoirs (pores). <a href="https://bit.ly/3EMaK2u" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank">https://bit.ly/3EMaK2u</a> 🌟Vallourec has metal tubes for 1-100T <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a>. 🌟<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HYBRIT" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HYBRIT</a> is testing lined rock caverns for hydrogen.

KeithDPatchHey BGS <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/BritGeoSurvey" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#BritGeoSurvey</a> you missed the topline headline:The UK has successfully stored hydrogen in underground salt caverns at Teesside since 1972.<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LDES" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LDES</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/NetZero" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#NetZero</a>

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HydrogenSafety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HydrogenSafety</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> 🎆 🔥 2025Mar31 Korea Supreme Court: +10B won US$6.8MM damages award for 2019 Gangneung hydrogen explosion, which killed 2 injured 6 1) No oxygen monitor on <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> gas produced by electrolyzer 2) Unqualified incompetent company was in charge!Conclusion: use qualified people who know <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> safetyMy 2024 post with more technical details:<a href="https://bit.ly/3E1v5jR" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank">https://bit.ly/3E1v5jR</a><a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2safety</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/electrolysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#electrolysis</a>

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2Safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2Safety</a> Hydrogen fuel cell lab explosion in Yongin, South Korea sends 5 to hospital with minor injuries via <a href="https://bird.makeup/users/hydrogeninsight" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@hydrogeninsight</a> My view from 6899mi away: plastic tubing (🟧below) was used for <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> gas & failed. 🟥circle shows the melted end of a tube! <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/fuelcell" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fuelcell</a> <a href="https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/transport/five-people-injured-in-explosion-at-hydrogen-fuel-cell-lab-in-south-korea/2-1-1796899" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank">https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/transport/five-people-injured-in-explosion-at-hydrogen-fuel-cell-lab-in-south-korea/2-1-1796899</a>

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2Safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2Safety</a> Why is Supercritical Solutions Ltd <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/SSL" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SSL</a> allowed to develop a totally unsafe membrane-free <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> production device?4 ways <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/SSL" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SSL</a> fails @isostandards ISO 22734: 1)No insulating membrane 2)Membrane is porous 3)O2 in <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> 4)H2 in <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/O2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#O2</a>All it takes is a particle of catalyst (or rust) flaking off and flowing downstream, then BOOM1💥 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#safety</a>

KeithDPatch🧵3/4 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2Safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2Safety</a> Lower flammability limit <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LFL" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LFL</a> for H2 in O2 is 4%. <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HHO" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HHO</a> is 67% H2 (16.75x higher!) & quite explosive! <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/O2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#O2</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HHO" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HHO</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Brownsgas" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Brownsgas</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/oxyhydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oxyhydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydroxygas" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydroxygas</a>

KeithDPatch🧵2/4 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2Safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2Safety</a> 💥BOOM! due to the explosive stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen/oxygen, also called HHO, Brown's gas, oxyhydrogen or hydroxy gas.@lafd.bsky.social photos show what can happen when a speck of rust (or catalyst from the electrodes) ignites the hazardous mixture.

KeithDPatch🧵1/4 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2Safety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2Safety</a> Hey UK Health and Safety Executive <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HSE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HSE</a> :Why is Clean Power Hydrogen <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/CleanPowerH2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#CleanPowerH2</a> allowed to sell a totally unsafe membrane-free <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> production device?@isostandards ISO 22734 requires: -Membrane between <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a> & <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/O2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#O2</a> -Operation below hydrogen's <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LFL" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LFL</a>Otherwise...

KeithDPatch<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> IMO Bosch's @BoschGlobal exit from SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS signals a realization of the numerous technical difficulties in <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/SOFC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SOFC</a> systems (thermal, stability, lifetime...)NOTE: "Bosch’s pivot to focus on PEM electrolysis and hydrogen production..." says it all. <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/SOFC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SOFC</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hydrogen</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/fuelcell" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fuelcell</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a>

KeithDPatch🧵2/2 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Electrolysis101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Electrolysis101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a>Yes, @ENERGY experts mentioned <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LHV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LHV</a> for all electrolyzers would align with <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HFTO" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HFTO</a> fuel cell work⬇️, but today most hydrogen is for refining/fertilizer/chemicals, very little in new areas like transpo/power gen.Go with what's accurate: <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HHV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HHV</a> !<a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/greensky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#greensky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/climateky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#climateky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/energysky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#energysky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2sky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2sky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HydrogenSky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HydrogenSky</a>

KeithDPatch🧵1/2 <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Electrolysis101" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Electrolysis101</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2</a>Even the <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/DOE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#DOE</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/Hydrogen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Hydrogen</a> & Fuel Cell Technologies Office <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HFTO" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HFTO</a> can mess up higher <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HHV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HHV</a> & lower heating values <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LHV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LHV</a>: -Liquid water reactant → <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HHV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HHV</a>⬇️ Includes ΔHvap of H2O (Use for <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/PEM" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#PEM</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LAE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LAE</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/AEM" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#AEM</a> electrolyzers) -Water vapor reactant → <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/LHV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LHV</a> H2O vapor feed (Use for <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/SOEC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SOEC</a> electrolyzers) <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/greensky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#greensky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/climateky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#climateky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/energysky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#energysky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/H2sky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#H2sky</a> <a href="https://mastodon.mit.edu/tags/HydrogenSky" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HydrogenSky</a>

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