I'm totally not a fan of Cuba and the Castro regime, but they do indeed tend to prioritize drug discovery and health research rather than "defense" (AKA militarization) when it comes to allocating public money:
"The new Cuban treatment is one of numerous drugs currently undergoing trials — according to one recent report, as many as 180. Trials follow the stringent protocols laid down by the US Food and Drug Administration, which serve as the international standard. They require three phases that take years to accomplish; few candidates survive to Phase III.
The growing number entering trials is explained by the failure of drugs based on the dominant model. This model goes back to 1906, when dementia was first recognized as a disease and not merely a liability of old age by Alois Alzheimer, after whom the disease is named. Alzheimer discovered rogue proteins in the brain of a patient after her death.
Further research was hobbled until the development of the neurosciences after World War II, which gradually revealed anomalies in the supposed course of the disease (some people had the rogue proteins without showing the symptoms). The pharma industry ignored those anomalies until researchers observed that some drugs developed for other purposes showed neuroprotective qualities.
Teresita noticed one of them, under development in Cuba for brain diseases such as Parkinson’s, whose preliminary trials showed an absence of side effects. She realized it might help Alzheimer’s sufferers like her mother and arranged to join the team."
https://jacobin.com/2025/09/cuba-alzheimers-drug-treatments-documentary