Conflicts<p>There’s a vigil on King Street in Old Town on Friday against the Israel-Hamas war</p><p>News Published July 24, 2025 at 3:00PM There’s a vigil in Old Town against the war between Israel…<br><a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Conflict" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Conflict</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Conflicts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Conflicts</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/War" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>War</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Israel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Israel</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/kingstreet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>kingstreet</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/News" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>News</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/oldtown" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>oldtown</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/protest" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>protest</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/vigil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>vigil</span></a><br><a href="https://www.europesays.com/2272453/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">europesays.com/2272453/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p>
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#oldtown
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Monika C| traveling across europe by train with my friends |<br>
our third destination was Vienna in Austria!<br>
Such a beautiful city with lots to explore😍<br>
So many beautiful buildings and churches with gorgeous gothic/barokk architecture😌<br>
We went to a "butterfly house" which was very fun, and SO humid inside😫<br>
Also we went to an art museum and saw some monet, picasso etc etc<br>
We stayed there for about 3 nights and moved on to the next city🙌🏻<br>
<br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photograp?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photograp</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photo?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photo</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/vienna?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#vienna</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/austria?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#austria</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/summer?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#summer</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/travel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#travel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/city?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#city</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/landscape?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#landscape</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/architecture?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#architecture</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/oldtown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldtown</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/art?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#art</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/picasso?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#picasso</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/monet?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#monet</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/aesthetic?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#aesthetic</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/nature?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#nature</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/culture?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#culture</a>
Monika Ctraveling across europe by train with my friends!<br>
our next leg of the two week trip was Prauge in the Czech Rebublic🥰<br>
We stayed there for 3 nights and had a lot of fun exlporing the cities sights and history!<br>
We saw a classical concert at the most beautiful church ever! Went to see the famous astronomical clock, had THE BEST cinnamon buns EVER😝<br>
And went to see the famous Prauge Castle🫶🏻<br>
I think this was my favourite city so far, but we are still not done traveling (9 days in!) so I will just have to wait and see<br>
<br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photograph?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photograph</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photo?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photo</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photograpy?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photograpy</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Prauge?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Prauge</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Czech?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Czech</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/castle?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#castle</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/curch?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#curch</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/landscape?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#landscape</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/travel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#travel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/summer?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#summer</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/aesthetic?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#aesthetic</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/nature?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#nature</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/sightseeing?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#sightseeing</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/fun?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fun</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/city?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#city</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/oldtown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldtown</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/history?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#history</a>
Amsterdam_XXXThe Haarlemmersluis is a historic lock where the “Singel” canal meets the “IJ”, near Haarlemmerstraat. The lock was built in 1️⃣6️⃣0️⃣2️⃣ and redesigned in the year 1️⃣6️⃣1️⃣8️⃣. It helped to control water levels and supported busy canal trade. The nearby bridge (No. 14) connects two popular shopping streets. 🛍️🛒<br>
<br>
Once home to a bustling fish market and the now-demolished Haringpakkerstoren tower. Today, visitors enjoy canal views, passing boats, and stalls selling flowers and herring. 🌸 🌺 🐟 🐟 <br>
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<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/haarlemmersluis?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#haarlemmersluis</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/haarlemmerstraat?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#haarlemmerstraat</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/singel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#singel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/bridge14?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#bridge14</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photo?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photo</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/sluis?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#sluis</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/lock?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#lock</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/seventeenthcentury?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#seventeenthcentury</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/canal?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#canal</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/cityphotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#cityphotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/amsterdam?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#amsterdam</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/grachtengordel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#grachtengordel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/mastodon?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#mastodon</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/veniceofthenorth?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#veniceofthenorth</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/fediverse?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fediverse</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/brucke?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#brucke</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/pont?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#pont</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/brug?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#brug</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/streetview?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#streetview</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/citycenter?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#citycenter</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/oldtown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldtown</a>
Gehtso<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://pixelfed.social/meoralis" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>meoralis</span></a></span> </p><p>dazu fällt mir dieses Cafe in Hanoi ein.<br>Man kann dort schön in den oberen Stockwerken sitzen und Zettel lesen oder das treiben auf der Straße beobachten. </p><p><a href="https://www.coffeehan.com/note-coffee-hoan-kiem-hanoi-vietnam/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">coffeehan.com/note-coffee-hoan</span><span class="invisible">-kiem-hanoi-vietnam/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/Vietnam" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Vietnam</span></a> <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/Hanoi" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Hanoi</span></a> <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/NoteCafe" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NoteCafe</span></a> <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/OldTown" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>OldTown</span></a></p>
Andy Arthur - Threadinburgh<p><strong>The thread about the real Ned Holt: the darker side of a colourful Victorian street artist</strong></p><p>In preparation for writing up some summaries of the caricatures of <em>“Old Edinburgh Worthies</em>” by Ned (Edmund) Holt, I decided to dig a bit deeper into the life of this mysterious Victorian street artist. Not much is known of his life, and much of that is popular legend. Sources will tell you he was a street artist of some talents, a familiar and well loved character of Old Edinburgh and one who was limited in life only by his love of a drink. A “<em>boon companion in the common lodging houses and in public houses</em>.” However, with a little work digging through newspaper clippings and Scotland’s People, I hope that I am able to add a few details to his story, but also find to offer a different, and ultimately less favourable, interpretation of his character.</p>“A Few Old Edinburgh Characters”, by Ned Holt. I have corrected the yellowing of the original image. City Art Centre collection, © Edinburgh Museums and Galleries .<p>While he illustrated profusely -usually to earn his beer money – he never seems to have turned his attention on himself, so we known not what he looked like (although a newspaper article of 1922 claims that a likeness was published at the time of his death). <a rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://www.capitalcollections.org.uk/" target="_blank">Capital Collections</a> (the wonderful online image gallery of the collections of the Edinburgh City Libraries, Museums and Galleries) uses a self portrait of John Kay to represent any artists for which they do not have a likeness. Kay is one of the best known caricaturists of old Edinburgh, leaving behind an amusing and invaluable visual and written record of the worthies of the Georgian city. Collections of his works are still reprinted and are a must-have on any self respecting bookshelf of Edinburgh local history.</p>John Kay, a self portrait, 1786<p>At the other end of the social spectrum and 70 or so years later, we have Holt. His work is certainly cruder than Kay’s, but as an observer of the human condition he is an equal. For two good reasons, his ouvre is particularly valuable. Firstly, he painted in bright colours, which pop out when compared with the faded sepia of old photographs or the monochrome of Kay’s engravings, vividly capturing that Victorian life was much brighter than we might imagine. Secondly, where Kay lampooned Lords and Gentlemen, Holt painted almost exclusively the people of the street, men <em>and </em>women, and in a much more sympathetic manner. These were folk who were well known in their time but who would otherwise have slipped from popular memory but for a few sentences in old newspapers (much like the artist himself).</p><p><strong>So who was Ned Holt?</strong> The National Galleries of Scotland embarrassingly say he was English – he was definitely a son of Edinburgh, probably born in St. Cuthbert’s parish as Edmund Holt, to Jean Mitchell and Robert Holt, a master chimney sweep. He may have been born in 1830 if we believe his entry on the register of deaths, or 1836 if we believe his census entries. Holt also goes by the names Edmond and Edward. Many accounts will tell you he signed his work E. P. Holt – I think if they looked closer they will see it is ED. HOLT, with the D raised above the full stop in the fashion of Victorian typography. His obituary in the <em>Dundee Courier</em> confirms his works bear the “<em>well known signature Ed. Holt</em>“.</p>Edmund Holt’s signature: EḌ HOLT.<p>It would have been expected for Holt to follow his father’s trade, but perhaps on account of the early death of the latter this did not happen. Apprenticed to a baker, he never settled to that trade and in 1851 is recorded on the census as a “carrier”. He is aged 15, living with his grandmother in Gilmour’s Close off the Grassmarket, probably the property he is described as inheriting. Three years later, still living at the same address, he married a woman from a neighbouring close by the name of Jane Black, the daughter of a coal miner from Ayrshire. At this time his occupation was “artist” and the anecdotes of town Bailie (magistrate) Wilson Mclaren recall that at this time he kept a street booth in the Grassmarket where he exhibited various attractions for a penny-a-view, including a “petrified mummy”, claimed to be 4,000 years old but actually a skeleton he had procured and doctored. Street entertainment and showmanship is a recurring feature of Holt’s life, he was known to act at the “<em>penny gaffs</em>“, cheap theatres where popular, raucous edits of Shakespeare would be performed. By 1855 he had moved to a small shop on Lothian Road where he traded as an artist. Two years later, he took out a newspaper advert in the <em>North Briton </em>that he would teach the “<em>whole art of photography</em>” on application to an address on Haddington Place, Leith Walk. He is reputed to have joined the Edinburgh City Artillery at this time, a volunteer militia regiment raised in the wake of the Crimean wars that included an unusually high proportion of artists in its ranks. He was a favourite of the officers, who would summon him to the mess to amuse them with his antics.</p>Uniforms of the Edinburgh City Artillery.<p>In 1860, Holt announced in the<em> North Briton </em>that he had taken “<em>these large photographic rooms, no. 3 Catherine Street, [part of Leith Street] where he is carrying on a First-Class business</em>“. In the census of the following year he is recorded as a “photographic artist” but is to be found boarding with the Reilly family in Selkirk. His wife Jane is living at the Catherine Street address with their children – Edmond (age 2) and baby Georgina – along with an older relation of Jane’s, a lodger (Holt’s assistant) and his daughter. In 1866 Holt re-appears in Edinburgh, performing as a clown in <em>Price’s Spanish Circus</em> with “considerable success”. But he is back to being a photographer in Selkirk in 1868 when one David Mcdonald is fined £5 (or 30 days prison) for assaulting him with a walking stick. The same year, a spinner by the name of William Jeffrey was found guilty of assaulting him in the Salmon Inn public house in Galashiels by hitting him and biting off the end of one of his fingers. He was sent to prison for 60 days.</p><p>Holt, it was said, “<em>was known everywhere; he mixed in all classes of society, high and low</em>“. This included the landscape artist Sam Bough, who lived in Edinburgh from 1855 until his death in 1878. It was because of his connection with Bough that his work survived and found its way into the ownership of the City of Edinburgh. Holt had presented Bough with a bound copy of 22 of his sketches, which was inherited by Bough’s sister on his death. A collector later bought them from her estate, from whom Councillor Gorman acquired them and presented them to the city to prevent them being sold to an American.</p>Sam Bough by Daniel Macnee, 1878<p>At 1870, the story of Holt’s life begins to take a different, darker path. In May that year it is reported in the <em>North Briton </em>that he was convicted at the Sheriff court and sentenced to 60 days hard labour for having assaulted his wife “<em>by seizing violent hold of her by the hair of the head, dragging her from a place upon which she rested, and kicking her when upon the ground to the effusion of blood</em>.” Come the 1871 census, he is aged 36 and living with his son at no. 41 North Richmond Street off of the Pleasance. There is a servant girl, Annie Shields, living with them but of his wife and daughter Georgina, there is no sign. His occupation remains as a photographic artist. One of his obituaries will recount that “<em>he could not rest with his family</em>” and that “<em>in the course of time he took to a wandering life</em>“. This it would seem is a somewhat economical view of the truth. A decade later the census finds him in Glasgow, with a new “wife” – Annie Shields; he has run off with his servant, 16 years his junior. They have a 9 year old daughter Margaret, a 6 year old son Joseph and an 11 month old daughter Selvester. Jane Holt, aged about 36 is living in the City Poor House at Craiglockhart, working as a seamstress.</p>Former City Poor House at Craiglockhart, ironically it is now exclusive residential properties.CC-by-SA 2.0 Kim Traynor via Geograph<p>By 1885, he has returned to Edinburgh and is practising as a photographer from his address at 27 Canongate, White Horse Close. He was convicted in September of that year at the Police Court and sentenced to 30 days imprisonment for “<em>having offered for sale obscene drawings and paintings in Princes Street</em>.” The prosecutor was not specific as to what the depicted, but “<em>said the pictures were very disgusting</em>“. Sadly Jane remains in the Poor House. She was still there 6 years later for the 1891 census, by then working as a laundress.</p>White Horse Close in 1891, by Sir David Young Cameron. CC-by-NC National Galleries Scotland<p>Holt died on Tuesday 20th September 1892 in the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, having been knocked down and fatally injured by a horse cab near Joppa on his way home from the Musselburgh horse racing. His death was mourned across the Scottish regional newspapers. Despite being obviously estranged from his wife on unfavourable terms for decades, his death certificate was witnessed by her. She sadly died of bronchitis and heart disease as an inmate of the Poorhouse just two months later, described simply as a <em>hawker </em>and a <em>widow</em>. Ann (or Annie) Shields (also known as Holt or Spaven) was left to a similar life of poverty by Holt. In 1891 she was a hawker, lodging in Penicuik. She died in 1908 in the Govan Poor House, having spent the final years of her life flitting from poor house to poor house, debilitated by neuralgia and rheumatism.</p><p>The implications are clear from newspaper writings that while Holt was publicly convivial, well liked and had certain artistic talents, he was too partial to drinking to ever make a success of himself. Obituaries describe his “<em>great failing was a love for liquor, which in course of time, mastered him so completely that he sunk from one degree to another till he was down in the very gutter of society</em>“. A mark of the popular mourning of his death is the story of the confectioner in Leith, who decorated a cake in his honour with a sugarwork representation of one of his illustrations and placed it in his shop window alongside the following verse:</p><blockquote><p>Poo, old Ned has gone to rest,<br>We know that he is free<br>Disturb him not, but let him rest<br>Way down in Tennessee</p></blockquote><p>Edmund Holt may have lived the life that he chose for himself happily enough, but the same cannot be said of his wife, who never shared in his popularity or any of his occasional financial successes, and quite clearly suffered at his hands. She spent the best part of half her life as an inmate in the poor house for which it would not be unreasonable to blame the actions of Holt. When <em>he</em> died without a penny to his name, friends and admirers raised enough to pay for a respectable burial and the newspapers made sure he did not pass forgotten. <a href="https://talesofonecity.wordpress.com/2014/05/02/the-colourful-world-of-ned-holt/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">A well-curated exhibition of his work at the City Art Centre in 2014 </a>enhanced the favourable, lovable rogue version of his character by commissioning pen poems to accompany his work. We cannot say the same privileges were accorded to Jane, who has been entirely written out of the story – until, hopefully, now.</p> <p class=""><em><em>If you have found this useful, informative or amusing, perhaps you would like to help contribute towards the running costs of this site – including keeping it ad-free and my book-buying budget to find further stories to bring you – by <a href="https://ko-fi.com/andyarthur" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><strong>supporting me on ko-fi</strong></a>.</em></em> <em>Or please do just <strong>share this <a href="https://linktr.ee/threadinburgh" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">post on social media</a></strong> or amongst friends.</em></p> <p class="">These threads © 2017-2025, Andy Arthur.</p><p class=""><strong>NO AI TRAINING:</strong> Any use of the contents of this website to “train” generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to generate text is expressly prohibited. The author reserves all rights to license uses of this work for generative AI training and development of machine learning language models.</p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/artist/" target="_blank">#Artist</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/canongate/" target="_blank">#Canongate</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/caricature/" target="_blank">#Caricature</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/edinburgh/" target="_blank">#Edinburgh</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/grassmarket/" target="_blank">#Grassmarket</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/illustration/" target="_blank">#illustration</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/old-town/" target="_blank">#OldTown</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/street-life/" target="_blank">#StreetLife</a></p>
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Iulian MBeautiful Trenčín historic city center.<br>
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Andy Arthur - Threadinburgh<p><strong>The thread about the “Study of the Diet of the Labouring Classes in Edinburgh”; what the poor of Canongate ate in 1901</strong></p><p>In 1901, the Public Health Committee of the Town Council of Edinburgh paid £50 to commission a then remarkable and pioneering bit of research: they asked three doctors to go out into the working classes and poor of the city and find out what they actually ate. This study took place in the city’s Canongate and followed the food purchased and eaten over a week by 15 families, totalling 94 mouths. It meticulously catalogued everything that was consumed and discarded in great detail and then analysed it for its equivalent nutritional contents in a laboratory.</p>Group of Women and Children in the Canongate, 1901. By an unknown photographer from “The Life History of a Slum Child”, from the collection of Edinburgh City Libraries<p>The authors were <span>Dr. Diarmid Noël Paton</span>, a pioneer in physiology and its links with nutrition; <span>Dr. James Craufurd Dunlop, </span>a paediatrician, pioneer of combined medical and social research and later Superintendent of Statistics, then Registrar General, of the Registry Office for Scotland and; <span>Dr. Elsie Maud Inglis</span>, one of the first female doctors in Scotland; a specialist and pioneer of the medical care – and medical education – of women; a leading suffragist and later founder of the Scottish Women’s Hospitals in WW1.</p><p>“<em>A Study of the Diet of the Labouring Classes in Edinburgh</em>” was published the following year (1902). It runs to 104 pages, but I have read it and summarised some of its key findings so that you don’t have to. So lets go find out what people in the city ate 120 years ago</p>Cover of “A Study of the Diet of the Labouring Classes in Edinburgh Carried Out Under the Auspices of the Town Council of the City of Edinburgh”<p>The 15 subject families were categorised into 3 classes:</p><ul><li>A. Workmen’s families with irregular wages under 20s (20 Shillings or £1, approximately £98 in 2023) per week</li><li>B. Families with regular wages from 20-23s per week</li><li>C. Families with men in “good” trades and regular wages from 28-40s per week. </li></ul><p>There were 15 adult men, 17 adult women and 62 children in the study. Two of the test households were notable for having no man in the house – as a result these were by far and away the financially worst off of the group. The average income of households in the stufy was just under 25s (£1 5/-) a week, about £122 in 2023.</p>Breakdown of the test subjects, giving occupation (for the man of the house), study class, the numbers of adults and children and the weekly incomes.<p>The make-up of each household was corrected for age and sex of occupants to turn it into a standardised equivalent number of adult men, based on the understanding at the time of the relative dietary requirements of men, women and children of different ages. For instance an adult woman counted as 0.8x an adult man for the purposes of calorie requirements. The weekly spend on food was counted to the nearest farthing (¼d, <em>d</em> being 1 old penny, with 12d to the shilling and 240d to the £). The average spend on food was 15s 9¼d per week (£77.35 in 2023 money), or 79% of household income. Per “equivalent man”, each house spent on average 6¾d per day on food (~£2.74 in 2023).</p><p>Standardised equivalent “Number of Men” per test household and weekly expenditures on food</p><p>One of the few “advantages” in life that the poor had was just how cheap accommodation was (even if it was in a slum condition) in Edinburgh in 1901. Per household it averaged 37¼d per week, or about £61 per month in 2023. Some families made half or all their rent by their Co-op dividends alone – a measure of both just how cheap the rent was and also how important the Co-ops were to their members.</p>Women “getting the messages” talking outside a grocers shop at 2 High Street in the Canongate in 1901. By an unknown photographer from “The Life History of a Slum Child”, from the collection of Edinburgh City Libraries<p>We come now to what our subjects ate. Let’s just say that their diets were <strong>monotonous</strong>. 35% by weight of what people ate was bread, a whopping 494g per “man” per day. 80% of everything eaten was one of only 6 food types – bread, potatoes, milk, sugar, beef and veg (mainly cabbage and onion, some carrots and turnips, although the study noted that many of the women didn’t seem to know about any other vegetables than potatoes). For reference, in 2013-15, the average Scottish person consumed just 80g bread (84% less), 64g of potatoes, 22g of beef per day. But milk was almost the same at 201g.</p>The 6 most important foodstuffs in the 1901 Canongate diet, with total and relative mass and calorific consumption for the study.<p>People ate quite so much bread because it was cheap: that 35% of bread by weight gave them 41% of their daily calories but cost only 19% of their daily food budget.<a rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/2022/10/15/the-thread-about-plain-breid-its-history-its-politics-and-how-the-law-guaranteed-its-enduring-position-in-the-scottish-psyche/" target="_blank"> You can read more about the Scottish working class’s love affair with the Plain Loaf in this thread</a>. In contrast, the beef consumed gave just 6% of daily calories but was 23% of expenditure. Clearly this was a luxury foodstuff relative to the others, and it was eaten for the protein content – and mainly by the man of the house. The authors pointed out an anomaly in that the traditional Scottish meat of mutton was largely lacking in the diet, even though it was cheaper and offered more protein per unit cost than beef.</p><p>People got about 11% of their daily calories from butter, jam, “syrup” (canned golden syrup or treacle) and cheese, eaten on slices of bread as a <em>piece</em> (an open sandwich, they weren’t closed back then!). Cheese consumption in 1901 was almost identical to Scotland’s 2013-15 average. Unsurprisingly, oatmeal was important in the diet, eaten as porridge – giving 6% of daily calories for 2.5% of expenditure. Eggs were commonly eaten, although they were relatively expensive they offered a reasonable amount of protein. The amounts of suet, dripping, sausages and offal are notably low. Small amounts of pulses and barley were eaten (in soups and broths).</p>All the major foodstuff consumed in the study, averaged for both total weight and total calorific intake per day<p>The subjects ate almost no fruit, except small amounts of raisins and currants in the slightly better off households or in jam. It was potatoes that stopped them getting scurvy. Some teabreads were eaten (a sweetened bread, with dried fruit in it, usually spread with butter), almost nothing was spent on biscuits or sweets. Seasonally they probably did get access some fruit, when there was a glut of cheap apples etc., but it is not recorded. Confections may have been eaten on special occasions.</p>A woman holds her baby inside a house in the Canongate, 1908. Notice that despite the circumstances of the neighbourhood, the woman, her child and the house are all well kept, with an effort to make the place homely and comfortable; slum did not necessarily mean squalor. By an unknown photographer from “The Life History of a Slum Child”, from the collection of Edinburgh City Libraries<p>Mealtimes were not coordinated or regular, the report called this <em>the old Canongate style</em>. The man usually kept a schedule aligned to his work, with the largest meal in the evening. Children fitted theirs around schooling with lunch the primary meal, topped up with endless bread to keep them full, if not nourished. The women had to fit in between both It has been noted that much of the meat consumption was by the man of the house; in many of the homes, the children and woman made do mainly with porridge, potatoes, broths and soup topped up with and their endless <em>pieces</em>. One house recorded spending 6d a week on lemonade as a luxury, otherwise children drank milk (fresh, canned or buttermilk) but also lots of tea, coffee (from essence) and cocoa. Women seemed to drink a lot of cocoa – they probably needed the sugar content to keep constantly on the go with heavy domestic labour.</p><p>Fish, although it was easily accessible from the fishing fleets of Granton, Newhaven and Fisherrow, and long part of the diet of the Scottish lower classes, was not popular or valued. While it was relatively cheap, it was not felt to be a valuable source of daily calories for the money and it was most prevalent with the poorest households. Dried and smoked fish were particularly lowly thought of and very little was consumed.</p><p></p><p>In many households the women had either part time or “piece work” (usually cleaning, “charladying” and also making bags) to make ends meet. Although they earned much less than men, in many of the households this was the only regular income on account of irregular wages for the man. The two households with no men in them paint a revealing and sorry tale of life for working class women at that time. In the first, a mother (51) and daughter (15) exist on just 8s 4d per week (£41 in 2023). The daughter made a few shillings selling papers, the rest came from a Benevolent Fund as the son/brother was away in the army in the Anglo–Boer War. They existed largely on white fish (3.3kg per week, gotten cheap through the kindness of neighbours), bread (3.3kg/wk), potatoes (3.4kg), cabbage (2kg) and buttermilk (1.1kg), plus 850g sugar and 880g oatmeal.</p><p><span class="">The other house with no man resident was described as being that of a “<em>poor, small old woman who lived alone, chiefly occupied in sewing</em>“. She was unable to do other work, was “<em>very weak</em>” and her husband was in the lunatic asylum. Her income was unknown, but she spent only 14¼d per <strong>week </strong>(!) on food (£5.80 in 2023)</span>. When standardised, that’s just over 1/3 of average expenditure on food of all the other study subjects. This pittance bought her a meagre diet, per week, of 840g milk, 840g bread (about 1 modern loaf), 310g beef, 300g dried peas, 300g leeks and carrots, 200g barley and 90g butter, and almost nothing else. This was the equivalent of 1123 calories per “equivalent man” day, less than 1/2 of the average of 2900 per day of all the study subjects. The paper noted that 1527 calories per day was the garrison’s emergency diet at the end of the 4 month Siege of Ladysmith from 1899-1900.</p><p>This 2,900 per man per day calorific intake measured for Edinburgh in the study was compared to averages for the working classes of other countries. It was:</p><ul><li> 4,170cal in Germany</li><li> 4,080cal in Sweden</li><li> 3,061cal in Russia</li><li> 4,415cal in the US</li></ul><p>The working poor of the slums fared better than those in the poorhouses, who in Scotland at that time got 2,380 calories per day, but worse than in the country’s prisons were it was 3,315 calories per day (or 3,717 on hard labour) and in pauper lunatic asylums where 3,435 per day was provided. The Seamen’s Federation at that time had recently secured a diet for men at sea of 4,526 calories per day. This was the sort of intake needed to live comfortably and healthily for a man (or woman) indulging in heavy physical labour.</p><p>I do want to keep this thread focussed on food, and I could go on, and on, and on into ever more detail from the study, but this isn’t really the best place for that, so I’ll look at a few more things before wrapping up. Firstly, lets look at relative costs for some foodstuffs when the report was published compared to now. I’ve worked out an approximate inflated cost of the staple food prices to compare and contrast with typical May 2023 UK grocery prices. The differences speak for themselves.</p>Comparative costs of the same food items in 1902 and 2023, corrected for inflation<p>Secondly – apart from rent and food, what else was money spent on? An obvious thing was coal, required for all domestic heating, cooking and hot water. Many got it cheap through their churches or social groups, who had schemes to buy it in bulk and disburse it at a heavily discounted rate to their members. In winter, consumption of coal averaged about 1.5 bags per house per week, costing 1s 9d (about £34 a month in 2023). Some houses had a gas light and paid for that, but the use and cost was small – about £5 per month in 2023 equivalent. Other houses purchased lamp oil. After coal (and sometimes before it), the next biggest expendisture was on subscriptions to societies. Most households paid a few shillings per week towards such societies; these were either to cover sickness or funeral costs, clothing clubs, or even children’s holiday clubs for a week at the sea or in the country for them. The other main noted expenditure was “soap, black lead, etc.”, i.e. household cleaning products, about half a shilling a week (£2.45 in 2023) per household.</p><p>Most of the men smoked (women at this time mainly did not); about half a shilling again per week in pipe tobacco. Some were teetotallers, others drank. In only one family was it noted the woman drank and it was implied that both parents in this household were alcoholics. No costs were given for money spent on drink.</p>Canongate menfolk outside a pub, 1901. <a href="https://threadinburgh.scot/2022/10/16/the-thread-about-the-youngers-and-the-mcewans-a-scottish-brewing-dynasty-who-would-combine-to-form-an-industrial-megalith-and-totally-dominate-the-scottish-industry/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Youngers were one of the two dominant names in Edinburgh brewing alongside McEwans</a>. By an unknown photographer from “The Life History of a Slum Child”, from the collection of Edinburgh City Libraries<p>In most families the entire wage was turned over by the husband to his wife to manage, with 2s or 3s a week reserved by him for his tobacco, papers and drink. This was most prevalent were wages were reliable and regular. Where the man’s work was irregular, the pattern was different. His wife often had little idea what was in his wage packet from one week to the next. He often turned over just enough for the food and rent but little else, reserving the excess in better weeks for his vices. Very few of the families had enough to keep anything by for a “rainy day” and lived week to week. It was noted some lived day-to-day, buying items of food as and when they were needed throughout the day. This meant they often paid a premium compared to a weekly bulk buy, a problem just as common now for those on limited incomes as then.</p><p>I will finish off with two last points. Firstly, the study probably would have failed without Elsie Inglis’ involvement; it was her and her female medical students who convinced reluctant families – usually the housewife – to allow them to intrude on their lives. Misses G. Miller, H. Bell, Isabel Simson, May Simson, Pringle, Cunningham, Robertson, H. Maclaren and Colly and Mrs Shaw Maclaren were the students credited with gathering the actual study data from each family (down to collecting every discarded bit of potato peel to be weighed)</p>Elsie Inglis, from Dr. Elsie Inglis by Lady Frances Balfour. CC-by-SA 4.0 Wellcome Collection.<p><span class="">And secondly, one little snippet of insight into the life of these families that really gave a lump to my throat when I read it. It came from family number 14, the mason’s labourer, his wife and their 9 children, who lived in a tiny 2 room house, “<em>clean but bare-looking</em>“</span>. The report goes on, “<em>the eldest girl died of consumption [TB] last year. They still keep little frames and bits of fancy-work she was doing. They gave her a grand funeral that cost £10 13s. Black suits had to be bought for the father and eldest boy</em>“. This family had very little, yet they spent everything and more than they had and could afford to give their daughter a decent and dignified send off – over 10 weeks wages – and on account of paying off their debts could no longer pay into their own funeral society. I feet this really hit home how unpredictable life was for people 120 years ago, people living exactly where my own family was living at the time and in exactly the same circumstances. And it brings home a real sense of human dignity to the lives of people in bitter and crushing circumstances, at the bottom of the pile. Their next eldest daughter, 17 but only 4ft 10in tall, now looked after the house and 8 other children when her mother went out to work to make paper bags for 8s a week. Such were the realities of life in the Canongate at the end of the Victorian age and dawn of the 20th century.</p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://archive.org/details/b28060325/mode/2up" target="_blank">Here’s the link</a> to “<em>A study of the diet of the labouring classes in Edinburgh</em>” on Archive dot org for you to read and think about for yourself. I’ve only scratched the surface of it, and there are many other stories and insights contained within it’s yellowing pages.</p> <p class=""><em><em>If you have found this useful, informative or amusing, perhaps you would like to help contribute towards the running costs of this site – including keeping it ad-free and my book-buying budget to find further stories to bring you – by <a href="https://ko-fi.com/andyarthur" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><strong>supporting me on ko-fi</strong></a>.</em></em> <em>Or please do just <strong>share this <a href="https://linktr.ee/threadinburgh" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">post on social media</a></strong> or amongst friends.</em></p> <p class="">These threads © 2017-2025, Andy Arthur.</p><p class=""><strong>NO AI TRAINING:</strong> Any use of the contents of this website to “train” generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to generate text is expressly prohibited. The author reserves all rights to license uses of this work for generative AI training and development of machine learning language models.</p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/canongate/" target="_blank">#Canongate</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/edinburgh/" target="_blank">#Edinburgh</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/food/" target="_blank">#Food</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/holyrood-canongate/" target="_blank">#HolyroodCanongate</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/nutrition/" target="_blank">#Nutrition</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/old-town/" target="_blank">#OldTown</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/poverty/" target="_blank">#Poverty</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/public-health/" target="_blank">#PublicHealth</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://threadinburgh.scot/tag/slums/" target="_blank">#Slums</a></p>
Antonio RullNew vs old <a href="https://luzeed.org/discover/tags/symetry?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#symetry</a> <a href="https://luzeed.org/discover/tags/oldtown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldtown</a> <a href="https://luzeed.org/discover/tags/streetphoto?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#streetphoto</a> <a href="https://luzeed.org/discover/tags/photography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photography</a> <a href="https://luzeed.org/discover/tags/portugal?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#portugal</a>
Amsterdam_XXX“Bridge 74”, or “Kerksluis”, crosses the Reguliersgracht at the Kerkstraat. Built in the 1️⃣8️⃣th century, it’s a classic Dutch arch bridge that still looks much like it did centuries ago.<br>
<br>
Locals call it the “Ronde Brug” (“Round Bridge”) for its shape. It is a part of the famous ‘Seven Bridges’ view, best seen from bridge 72. 📷<br>
<br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/bridge74?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#bridge74</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photo?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photo</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/roundbridge?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#roundbridge</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/rondebrug?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#rondebrug</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/eightheenthcentury?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#eightheenthcentury</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/canal?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#canal</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/cityphotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#cityphotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/photography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#photography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/amsterdam?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#amsterdam</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/grachtengordel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#grachtengordel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/mastodon?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#mastodon</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/veniceofthenorth?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#veniceofthenorth</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/fediverse?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fediverse</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/brucke?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#brucke</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/pont?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#pont</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/brug?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#brug</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/streetview?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#streetview</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/citycenter?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#citycenter</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/oldtown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldtown</a>
17chris<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/city?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#city</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/cityscene?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#cityscene</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/lovely?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#lovely</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/germany?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#germany</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/pixelfedgermany?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#pixelfedgermany</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/deutschland?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#deutschland</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/deutschlandpix?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#deutschlandpix</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/architecture?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#architecture</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/architecturephotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#architecturephotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/architektura?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#architektura</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/architektur?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#architektur</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/street?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#street</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/streetphotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#streetphotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/streets?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#streets</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/strassenfotografie?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#strassenfotografie</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/oldtown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldtown</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/altstadt?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#altstadt</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/oldarchitecture?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#oldarchitecture</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/cutebuildings?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#cutebuildings</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/häuser?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#häuser</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/marburg?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#marburg</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/summerinthecity?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#summerinthecity</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/hownice?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#hownice</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/fotocallejera?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#fotocallejera</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/streetsoftheworld?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#streetsoftheworld</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/ohmeilovethistown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#ohmeilovethistown</a>
Marc 🇺🇦<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/OldTown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#OldTown</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Altstadt?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Altstadt</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Germany?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Germany</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Deutschland?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Deutschland</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Tübingen?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Tübingen</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Castle?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Castle</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Schloss?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Schloss</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/medieval?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#medieval</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/mittelalterlich?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#mittelalterlich</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/architecture?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#architecture</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Architektur?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Architektur</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/historic?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#historic</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/historisch?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#historisch</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/half?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#half</a>-timberedhouse, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Fachwerkhaus?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Fachwerkhaus</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/narrowstreet?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#narrowstreet</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/engeGasse?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#engeGasse</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/cityscape?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#cityscape</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Stadtbild?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Stadtbild</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Neckar?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Neckar</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/tourism?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#tourism</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Tourismus?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Tourismus</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/travel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#travel</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Reisen?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Reisen</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Europe?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Europe</a>, <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Europa?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Europa</a>
Wild Sown <p>Art, history, cathedrals, strolls: 20+ of the best things to do in Prague:
<a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23prague" target="_blank">#prague</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23travel" target="_blank">#travel</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23cityexplorer" target="_blank">#cityexplorer</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23czechrepublic" target="_blank">#czechrepublic</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23museums" target="_blank">#museums</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23architecture" target="_blank">#architecture</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23cityscapes" target="_blank">#cityscapes</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23spires" target="_blank">#spires</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23tourism" target="_blank">#tourism</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23history" target="_blank">#history</a> <a class="hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" href="https://bsky.app/search?q=%23oldtown" target="_blank">#oldtown</a>
<a href="https://www.earthtrekkers.com/best-things-to-do-prague-czech-republic/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">www.earthtrekkers.com/best-things-...</a><br><br><a href="https://www.earthtrekkers.com/best-things-to-do-prague-czech-republic/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">10 Things to Do in Prague (Tha...</a></p>
The Smartphone PhotographerVintage Vibes at the Black Country Living Museum. <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/BlackCountryMuseum?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#BlackCountryMuseum</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Birmingham?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Birmingham</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/History?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#History</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Vintage?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Vintage</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Retro?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Retro</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/OldTown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#OldTown</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/ClassicCars?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#ClassicCars</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/BritishHistory?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#BritishHistory</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Museums?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Museums</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/WestMidlands?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#WestMidlands</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Heritage?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Heritage</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/TimeTravel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#TimeTravel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/OldBuildings?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#OldBuildings</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/SmartphonePhotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SmartphonePhotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Photography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Photography</a>
Sandraaa_photographyA quiet morning where the sun turns the fog into golden magic. ✨🏰<br>
A moment of peace and beauty to dream away.<br>
<br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Sonnenaufgang?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Sonnenaufgang</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Sunrise?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Sunrise</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Morgenstimmung?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Morgenstimmung</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/MorningVibes?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#MorningVibes</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/GoldenHour?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#GoldenHour</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Morgenlicht?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Morgenlicht</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Dawn?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Dawn</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/SunriseLovers?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#SunriseLovers</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/MagicMorning?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#MagicMorning</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Morgenzauber?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Morgenzauber</a><br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Schloss?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Schloss</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Castle?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Castle</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/ArchitecturePhotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#ArchitecturePhotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/BurgenUndSchlösser?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#BurgenUndSchlösser</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/HistoricBuilding?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#HistoricBuilding</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/CastleView?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#CastleView</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/OldTown?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#OldTown</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Mittelalter?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Mittelalter</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Heritage?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Heritage</a><br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Naturfotografie?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Naturfotografie</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/NaturePhotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#NaturePhotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/LandscapePhotography?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#LandscapePhotography</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/FoggyMorning?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#FoggyMorning</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/Nebel?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#Nebel</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/NatureLovers?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#NatureLovers</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/WaldUndWiesen?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#WaldUndWiesen</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/EarthFocus?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#EarthFocus</a><br>
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Holger Dörr<p>Sommerzauber in Grünberg (Hessen) – Teil 2</p><p>Blick auf den Diebsturm im Grünen und ins wunderschöne Brunnental </p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Gr%C3%BCnberg" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Grünberg</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Altstadt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Altstadt</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Fachwerk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Fachwerk</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Hessen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Hessen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/fotografie" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>fotografie</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Photography</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Sommer2025" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Sommer2025</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Mittelhessen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mittelhessen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/DiebsturmGr%C3%BCnberg" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DiebsturmGrünberg</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/oldtown" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>oldtown</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/heimatliebe" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>heimatliebe</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/naturephotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>naturephotography</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/LandkreisGie%C3%9Fen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>LandkreisGießen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Geschichte" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Geschichte</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/hessenentdecken" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>hessenentdecken</span></a></p>
Holger Dörr<p>Sommerzauber in Grünberg (Hessen) – Teil 1</p><p>Ein Spaziergang über den Markplatz und die historische Altstadt<br><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Gr%C3%BCnberg" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Grünberg</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Altstadt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Altstadt</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Fachwerk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Fachwerk</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Hessen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Hessen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/fotografie" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>fotografie</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Photography</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Sommer2025" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Sommer2025</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Mittelhessen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mittelhessen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/DiebsturmGr%C3%BCnberg" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DiebsturmGrünberg</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/heimatliebe" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>heimatliebe</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/naturephotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>naturephotography</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/oldtown" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>oldtown</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/LandkreisGie%C3%9Fen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>LandkreisGießen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Geschichte" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Geschichte</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/hessenentdecken" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>hessenentdecken</span></a></p>
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